A recent experiment using biomass fuels to fire the kilns at the Lafarge cement plant in Bath was so encouraging, an energy consultant believes the facility could cut its »
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Rising fossil energy prices, concerns over the security of energy supplies and mounting evidence linking fossil energy use to global climate change have all increased interest in developing new technologies, management strategies, and the transformation to a new economic model – a sustainable bioeconomy.
Talk Outline
- Cement 101
- Accomplishments to date
- Cement 2020
- Local solutions
GOAL: Improvements in all areas of sustainability
- Economic
- Environmental
- Social
- Technical
CO2 results from the complete oxidation of carbon containing compounds
- CH4 +2O2 →CO2 +2H2O
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Metals
- What is source of metals?
- Where do metals end up?
- The Three “T”s (and Oxygen)
- Temperature
- 1000 C minimum for Incinerators
- Typical for a 10x faster reaction for every 30-60 C increase in temperature
- Time
- 1 second minimum for Incinerators...
In this session, we’ll cover:
- What are Dioxins and Furans (D/F)?
- Why should I be concerned?
- How are they formed in a cement kiln?
- How can they be minimized?
Condensible particulate matter - CPMTotal particulate matter (all sizes).PM10 – particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter – driven by health effects.PM2.5 – particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter – formed by nucleation of...
Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are related to the acid rain problem.When we add volatile organic compounds (VOC) and particulate matter to the mix we have the precursor components of the smog/visibility/haze problem in the...
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